Outcomes of ART in Resource-Limited and Industrialized Countries
Matthias Egger
Univ of Berne, Switzerland

Status of the US HIV/AIDS Epidemic: Is It Changing and If Not, Why Not?
Harold Jaffe
Univ of Oxford, UK

Central Role of Escape Mutation in HIV Pathogenesis
Otto Yang
Univ of California, Los Angeles

Microbial Translocation Is a Cause of Systemic Immune Activation in Chronic HIV Infection
Jason Brenchley
Vaccine Res Ctr, NIAID, NIH Bethesda, MD, US

PD-1^hi SIV-specific CD8⁺ T Cells Express Multiple Effector Function and Have Low Proliferative Capacity and High Sensitivity to Activation-induced Cell Death
Consatntinos Petrovas
Vaccine Res Ctr, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, US

CD4 Reconstitution of Lymphoid Tissues Is Dependent on Earlier Initiation of HAART
Jacob Estes
Univ of Minnesota, Minneapolis, US

HIV-1 Subtype D Infection Is Associated with Faster Disease Progression than Subtype A, in Spite of Similar HIV-1 Plasma Viral Loads
Jared Baeten
Univ of Washington, Seattle, US

Mucosal CD4⁺ T Cell Depletion and Transient Immune Activation during the Early Phase of Non-pathogenic SIV Infection of Sooty Mangabeys
Shari Gordon
Emory Vaccine Ctr and Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA, US

PD-1 Expression on HIV-specific CD4⁺ T Cells Is Driven by HIV Replication and Is Associated with T-cell Dysfunction
Brent Palmer
Univ of Colorado Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, US

Co-receptor Switch in a Macaque Infected with CCR5 (R5)-tropic Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Siu-Hong Ho
Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, The Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY, US

Next Generation of Inhibitors of HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor: Structural Diversity and Resistance Profiles
John Wai
Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA, US

Structures of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Complexed with NNRTI TMC278: Conformational and Positional Adaptability Overcomes Resistance Mutations
Joe D. Bauman
Ctr for Advanced Biotech and Med, Rutgers Univ, Piscataway, NJ, US

Ternary Complex Formation Compromises the Inhibitory Effects of the RT-associated RNase H Inhibitor Β-thujaplicinol
Greg Beilhartz
McGill Univ, Montreal, Canada

3'-Azido-3'-Dideoxythimidine Selects Mutations in the Connection (A371V) and RNase H (Q509L) Domains of Reverse Transcriptase that Increase AZT Resistance in Combination with Thymidine Analog Mutations without Affecting the Rate of AZT Excision on a DNA/D
Jessica Brehm
Univ of Pittsburgh, PA, US

Suppression of Dual-tropic HIV-1 Variants by the CXCR4 Inhibitor AMD3100 Is Associated with Efficiency of CXCR4 Use and Clonal Composition of the Baseline Virus Population
Signe Fransen
Monogram Biosci, South San Francisco, CA, US

Nevirapine-resistant HIV-1 among Mozambican Infants Infected in Utero vs Intra-partum or Early Postpartum
Lisa Frenkel
Univ of Washington, Seattle, US

Short-course Zidovudine and Lamivudine or Singledose Nevirapine-containing PMTCT Compromises 12-Month Response to HAART in African Women, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire (2003-2006)
François Dabis
INSERM 593, Univ Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France

Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance after Virologic Failure of First HAART Regimen in South Africa: Initial Results of the South Africa Resistance Cohort Study
Vincent Marconi
Brigham and Women's Hosp, Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA, US

Clinical Endpoints for Randomized Clinical Trials: All AIDS-defining Conditions Are Not Created Equal
Mike Saag
Royal Free and Univ Coll London Med Sch, UK

Early Mortality among Patients with HIV-associated TB in Africa: Implications for the Time to Initiate ART
Stephen Lawn
Desmond Tutu HIV Ctr, Faculty of Hlth Sci, Univ of Cape Town, South Africa and London Sch of Hygiene and Tropical Med, UK

Causes of Death in HIV-infected Adults with TB Admitted to 2 Hospitals in Soweto, South Africa
Neil Martinson
Johns Hopkins Univ Ctr for TB Res, Baltimore, MD, US and Univ of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Reduced the Early Mortality of HIV-infected Patients on ART in Malawi
David Lowrance
Global AIDS Prgm, CDC, Atlanta, GA, US

HIV-induced Immunodeficiency and Risk of Fatal AIDS-defining and Non-AIDS-defining Malignancies: Results from the D:A:D Study
Antonella D'Arminio Monforte
ICONA, Hosp San Paolo, Univ of Milan, Italy

The Estimated Burden of HIV Disease in Uganda, 2005-2010
Wolfgang Hladik
CDC Uganda, Entebbe

HIV Testing for Family Members of Hospitalized Patients in Uganda
Happy Walusaga
Mulago-Mbarara Teaching Hosp Joint AIDS Pgm, Uganda

Plasma ARV Concentrations in Breastfeeding Infants Whose Mothers Are Receiving HAART
Mark Mirochnick
Boston Univ, MA, US

Postnatal Transmission of HIV and Breast Milk Viral Load and Sodium Level during the First 4 Months of Breastfeeding
Katherine Semrau
Boston Univ, MA, US

No Benefit of Early Cessation of Breastfeeding at 4 Months on HIV-free Survival of Infants Born to HIVinfected Mothers in Zambia: The Zambia Exclusive Breastfeeding Study
Moses Sinkala
Lusaka District Hlth Management Team, Zambia

Maternal HSV-2 Cervicovaginal Shedding Increases the Risk of Intra-partum HIV-1 Transmission
Sara Whitehead
Thailand Ministry of Publ Hlth-CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi

Alteration of Circulating Osteoimmune Factors May Be Responsible for Bone Metabolism Derangement in HIV-infected Children and Adolescents
Alessandra Viganò
L Sacco Hosp, Univ of Milan, Italy

Plasma Concentrations of Efavirenz and Lopinavir in Children with and without Rifampicin-based Antit-TB Treatment
Yuan Ren
Univ of Cape Town, South Africa

The Effect of Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis and Insecticide-treated Bednets on the Risk of Malaria among HIV-infected Ugandan Children
Anne Gasasira
Makerere Univ Med Sch, Kampala, Uganda

Catalyzing the Care and Treatment of HIV-infected Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: Early Outcomes from 5 Baylor College of Medicine Centers
Mark Kline
Baylor Coll of Med Intl Pediatric AIDS Initiative, Houston, TX, US; Gaborone, Botswana; Kampala, Uganda; Maseru, Lesotho; Mbabane, Swaziland; Lilongwe, Malawi

Introduction
David Ho
Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, The Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY, US

How Can T-cell-based Vaccines Protect against SIV and HIV?
Mario Roederer
Vaccine Res Ctr, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, US

Global Epidemiology of HIV: Risk Factors, Social Networks, and Inter-Subtype Recombinant Strains in Vaccine Trial Sites
Francine McCutchan
US Military HIV Res Prgm, Rockville, MD, US

How Can the Immunogenicity of pDNA Vaccines be Improved?
Michael Egan
Wyeth Res, Pearl River, NY, US

Strategies to Overcome Pre-existing Vector-specific Immunity
Dan Barouch
Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA, US

Toward Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against HIV
Dennis Burton
Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA, US

HVTN Experience with NIAID's Vaccine Research Center's Multiclade, Multigene Preventive HIV Vaccine Approach
Michael Keefer
Univ of Rochester, NY, US

EV02, a Phase I Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of DNA-C followed by NYVAC-C in an Open, Randomized Comparison to NYVAC-C Alone in Healthy Volunteers at Low Risk of HIV Infection
Pierre-Alexandre Bart
Ctr Hosp Univ Vaudois Lausanne, Switzerland

Safety and Immunogenicity of the VRC Recombinant Multiclade HIV-1 Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Alone or in Combination with the VRC Multiclade HIV-1 DNA Plasmid Vaccine in Healthy African Adults
Kayitesi Kayitenkore
Rwanda Zambia HIV Res Group, Kigali and Lusaka

Scientific Overview: Status of HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trials
Merlin Robb
US Military HIV Res Prgm, Rockville, MD

Efficacy and Safety of Maraviroc plus Optimized Background Therapy in Viremic, ART-experienced Patients Infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 in Europe, Australia, and North America: 24-Week Results
Elna van der Ryst
Pfizer Global R&D, Sandwich, UK

Efficacy and Safety of Maraviroc plus Optimized Background Therapy in Viremic ART-experienced Patients Infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1: 24-Week Results of a Phase 2b/3 Study in the US and Canada
Howard Mayer
Pfizer Global R&D, New London, CT, US;

Results of BENCHMRK-1, a Phase III Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of MK-0518, a Novel HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor, in Patients with Triple-class Resistant Virus
David Cooper
Univ of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Results of BENCHMRK-2, a Phase III Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of MK-0518, a Novel HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor, in Patients with Triple-class Resistant Virus
R Steigbigel
State Univ of New York at Stony Brook, US

Update on Current Microbicide Trials: Update on the CONRAD Cellulose Sulfate Trial, Preclinical Evaluation of Cellulose Sulfate
Gustavo Doncel
Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA

Update on Current Microbicide Trials: CONRAD's Cellulose Sulfate HIV Prevention Trial
Lut Van Damme
CONRAD, Arlington, VA

The Potential for Exploiting Host Restriction Factors for Therapy
Reuben Harris
Univ of Minnesota, Minneapolis, US

New Agents and New Paradigms: the Complexity of CCR5 Inhibition
Daniel Kuritzkes
Brigham and Women's Hosp, Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA, US

Important Issues in the Treatment of HIV-infected Women: Optimizing ART throughout Life
Shahin Lockman
Brigham and Women's Hosp, Boston, MA, US

Do Novel ART Strategies Have a Role in the Longterm Therapy of HIV Infection?
David Cooper
Natl Ctr for HIV Epidemiology and Clin Res, Univ of New South Wales, Australia